INFLUENCE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN COMBINATION WITH IODINE DEFICIENCY ON THYROID HOMEOSTASIS AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIPID SPECTRUM INDICATORS AND THE CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL BIOELEMENTS IN THE BLOOD OF RATS
DOI: doi.org/10.17721/1728.2748.2025.101.29-33
Keywords:
thyroid hormones, insulin, mineral elementsAbstract
Abstract. Insulin resistance is the inability of exogenous or endogenous insulin to control glucose levels, impaired biological response to insulin action in target tissues, especially in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue (Tahapary DL, et all, 2022). Iodine deficiency states are one of the many factors in the development of insulin resistance, while the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism is based on the development of insulin resistance [1-3], and some endocrine diseases have IR as a clinical manifestation (Dubey P, 2020). Due to the contradictory results, there is an increasing need for studies on the relationship between insulin resistance and metabolic features of the body (Dubey P, 2020).
Methods. The study was conducted on 45 white non-linear rats weighing 120–180 g, divided into three groups: intact animals (control group, n = 15), animals with insulin resistance (1st experimental group, n = 15), animals with insulin resistance combined with iodine deficiency (2nd experimental group). The lipid spectrum of blood serum was assessed by the content of total cholesterol (C), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), triacylglycerides (TAG) and the atherogenic coefficient (CA) was calculated [8]. The content of Zinc, Magnesium, Copper and Iron was determined in the erythrocyte mass of rats. To assess the thyroid status of animals, the content of free triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in blood serum was determined, followed by calculation of the T3/T4 and TSH/T4 indices.
Results. In the animals of the experimental groups, an increase in the content of total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, a decrease in the content of HDL and an increase in LDL were found. As for mineral elements, a decrease in the content of Magnesium, Zinc and Iron was found in the erythrocyte mass of the animals of the experimental groups. The largest differences between the experimental groups and the control concern the content of Magnesium and Zinc. The content of Copper in the erythrocyte mass of the animals of the experimental groups is slightly higher compared to the control. In the animals of the experimental groups, a decrease in the level of T3 and T4 and an increase in the content of TSH were found. In the animals of the second experimental group, which received a high-carbohydrate diet against the background of iodine deficiency, more significant changes in thyroid status were found compared to the control.
Conclusions. Some issues require in-depth study, in particular, the common metabolic basis of insulin resistance and hypothyroidism, as well as the study of the structural and functional features of hepatocytes under the conditions of a combination of hypothyroidism and insulin resistance.
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