BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AN UKRAINE ISOLATE OF ALFALFA MOSAIC VIRUS
doi.org/10.17721/1728.2748.2024.99.5-10
Keywords:
virus, detection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indicator plantsAbstract
Background. Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) is one of the most widespread viruses, affecting over 600 plant species, including economically important crops. This pathogen continuously evolves, adapting to different geographical regions and hosts, which complicates the development of effective control strategies and highlights the need for ongoing monitoring and research into the biological properties of AMV. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological properties of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) found in potential reservoir plants collected from public green spaces in Kyiv.
Methods. A Double Antibody Sandwich (DAS) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the identification of Alfalfa mosaic virus and to rule out mixed infections with other viruses, including cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), soybean mosaic virus (SMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), tobacco rattle virus (TRV), turnip crinkle virus (TCV), turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV), Potato virus Y (PVY), and Potato virus X (PVX). Commercial test systems (Loewe Biochemica, Germany) were used for the ELISA. Biological testing was conducted on different indicator plants through mechanical inoculation.
Results. Screening of potential plant reservoirs of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) was conducted in public green spaces of Kyiv, Ukraine. Among a wide range of tested plants, AMV was detected only in representatives of a single species. For the first time globally, natural infection of Ph. alkekengi plants with AMV was identified. It was established that the Ukrainian AMV isolate exhibits a broad range of host plants. Following artificial inoculation, the highest virus concentration was observed in representatives of the Fabaceae family (G. max and Ph. vulgaris), which, according to the literature, are natural hosts of this pathogen.
Conclusions. The circulation of alfalfa mosaic virus in public green spaces of Kyiv was demonstrated. For the first time globally, natural infection of Ph. alkekengi plants with AMV was identified. The identified Ukrainian isolate stands out from those described in the literature in terms of its biological properties, specifically regarding the characteristics of certain indicator plants.
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