MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOILS BY SOYBEAN WITH DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF FERTILIZATION
DOI: doi.org/10.17721/1728_2748.2020.80.57-63
Keywords:
microbial processes, fertilizer system, soybean, soil microbiotaAbstract
The aim of the study was comparative evaluation of microbiological processes occurring in the soil and rhizosphere during the soybean cultivation in the conditions of short-term rotation with the use of different fertilizer systems. Methods.The content of ammoniating, amylolytic, pedotrophic, oligotrophic, asporousmicroorganisms, and micromycetes was determined. The soil and rhizosphere microbiological processes were characterized by mineralization – immobilization, oligotrophism, and pedotrophism coefficients. The use of ecological and biological fertilizer systems was accompanied by the increase of ammoniating microorganisms in the soybean budding phase. The use of exclusively mineral fertilizers of soybean has only significantly increased the development of microorganisms which use nitrogen of mineral compounds. The number of oligotrophic microorganisms was the highest, indicating that the stocks of readily available nutrients were depleted and that humification processes were intensified. For the ecological system of fertilizers, the coefficient of nitrogen mineralization-immobilization was 0.72-0.83, and for the biological system was the lowest 0.60-0.99. It confirms the equilibrium of the processes of mineralization and immobilization. The oligotrophic coefficients for the ecological and biological fertilizer systems at the stages of budding and browning of beans indicate the good availability of soil microbiota with easily digestible organic substances. The use of an ecological fertilizer system with a balanced combination of mineral and organic fertilizers and a biological fertilizer system with modern organic fertilizers and humates increases the activity of soil microbiota and improves the processes of organic compound transformation of.
References
1. Demyanyuk O. S., Patyka V. P., Sherstoboeva О. V., Bunas A. A. Formation of the structure of microbiocenoses of soils of agroecosystems depending on trophic and hydrothermal factors. Biosystems Diversity, 26(2), 2018.103–110.doi: 10.15421/011816
2. Aislabie J. A., Deslippe J. Soil microbes and their contribution to soil services. In: Dymond, J. R. (Ed.). Ecosystem services in New Zealand – conditions and trends. ManaakiWhenua Press, New Zealand. 2013. P. 143–161.
3. Pandey S. N., Abid M., Khan M. M. A. A. Diversity, functions, and stress responses of soil microorganisms. In: Egamberdieva, D., & Ahmad, P. (Eds.). Plant microbiome: Stress response. Microorganisms for Sustainability, 5, 2018.1–19. http://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5514-0_1
4. Gadzalo Y. M., Patyka N. V., Zarishnyak A. S. Agrobiology of the plant rhizosphere: monograph. K.: Agrarian Science, 2015.386 p.
5. Mekich M. Z., Dzhura N. M, Terek O. I. Functional and applied value of soil biological activity. Biological studios. 2013. T. 7. № 3. S. 247–258.
6. Moskalevska Yu. P., Patyka M. V. Biological activity and microbial transformation of organic matter of chernozem typical of various farming systems. Scientific and practical journal "Balanced Nature Management". 2014. № 2. S. 68–72.
7. Tanchyk S. P., Demidov O. A., Manko Yu. P. Ecological system of agriculture in the forest-steppe of Ukraine.Guidelines for implementation in production. To: NULES of Ukraine, 2011. 39 p.
8. Filon V. I., Kazakov V. A., Olkhovskyi H. F., Zalizovskyi V. S. Methods of agrochemical research. H., 2017.224 p.
9. Liuta V. A., Kononov O. V. Workshop on Microbiology: Textbook (Higher Education Institutes I-III RA). K.: "Medicine", 2018. 184 p. ISBN: 978-617-505-635-6.
10. Iutynska H. O. Microbial biotechnology for the implementation of the new global program for sustainable development of the Ukrainian agrosphere. Agroecological Journal, №2. 2017, pp. 149-15511.
11. Titova V. I., Kozlov A. V. Methods for assessing the functioning of the soil microbiocenosis involved in the transformation of organic matter: Scientific and methodological manual. Nizhny Novgorod: Nizhny Novgorod. Academy, 2012.64 p.
12. Romero-Olivares A. L., Allison S. D., Treseder K. K. Soil microbes and their response to experimental warming over time: A meta-analysis of field studies. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 107, 2017.32–40. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.12.026
13. Prysiazhniuk O. I., Karazhbei H. M., Leshchuk N. V., Tsyba S. V., Mazhuha K. M., Brovkin V. V., Symonenko V. A., Maslechkin V. V. Statistical analysis of agronomic research data package Statistica 10. Guidelines. Kyiv: Nilan-Ltd. 2016. 54 p.
14. Malynovska I. M., Tkachenko M. A., Sachok V. H., Skumina M. O. Influence of agrotechnical measures on microbial groups of gray forest soil. Problems of environmental biotechnology [electronic scientific publication]. 2014. № 1. Access mode: http://ecobio.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ecobiotech/article/view/6741/7552.
15. Malynovska I. M. Orientation of microbiological processes in dark graypodzolized soil under different technologies of soybean cultivation.Problems of environmental biotechnology [electronic scientific publication]. 2012. №1. Access mode: http://ecobio.nau.edu.ua/index.php/ecobiotech/article/view/767/744.
16. Mamenko P. M., Malichenko S. M., Omelchuk S. V. Symbiosis efficiency and soybean productivity inoculated with new analytically selected Bradyrhizobiumjaponicum cultures. Bulletin of the Kharkiv National Agrarian University. Avg.: Biology. 2014. Vol. 1 (31). Pp. 72–78.
17. Novosad K. B., Havva D. V., Revtie A. V., Fisun M. M. The biogenicity of the chernozem of the typical Ukrainian steppe nature reserve (Branch "Mykhailivka virgin soil").KhNAU Bulletin. 2010. №5. P.67-75.
